Juvenile Delinquency
PD 603 - Child and Youth Welfare Code
RA 9262 - Anti Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004. RA 9344 - Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006 Youthful offender - over 9 years old but under 18 years old at the time of the commission of the offense. Crime Theories Applicable to Juvenile Delinquency 1. Rational Choice - causes of crime lie within the individual offender rather than in their external environment. 2. Social Disorganization - absence or breakdown of communal institutions and communal relationships that traditionally encouraged cooperative relationships among people. Communal Institutions 1. Family 2. School 3. Church 4. Social Groups 3. Strain Theory - crime is caused by the difficulty of those in poverty in achieving socially valued goals by legitimate means. 4. Differential Association - young people are motivated to commit crimes by delinquent peers and learn criminal skills from them. 5. Labelling Theory - once a person is labeled criminal they are more likely to offend. Once labeled as deviant, a person may accept that role and more likely to associate with others who have been similarly labeled. 6. Social Control Theory - proposes that exploiting the process of socialization and social learning builds self control and can reduce the inclination to indulge in behavior recognized as anti social. Four Types of Control That Can Help Prevent Juvenile Delinquency 1. Direct - punishment is threatened or applied for wrongful behavior and compliance is rewarded by parents, family and authority figures. 2. Internal - youth refrains from delinquency through the conscience or super ego. 3. Indirect - by identification with those who influence behavior because his/her delinquent act might cause pain and disappointment to parents and others with whom he/she has close relationships. 4. Control - through needs satisfaction, if all individuals needs are met, there is no point in criminal activity. Breed vs. Jones - A US court decision where it held that juveniles can not be tried when acquitted in juvenile court then tried again in adult criminal court.Double jeopardy applies to juveniles as well as adults. Juvenile Delinquency - is the participation in illegal behavior by minors who fall under a statutory limit.
Juvenile Delinquent - is a person who is typically under the age of 18 and commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a crime if they were an adult. Crimes Commonly Committed by Juvenile Delinquents
Young Adult - a person between the ages of 20 and 40 whereas adolescent is a person between the ages of 13 and 19. Types/Categories of Juvenile Delinquency
Vandalism - Ruthless destruction or spoiling of anything beautiful or venerable.The term includes criminal damage such as graffiti and defacement directed towards a property without the permission of the owner. Graffiti - is writing or drawings scribbled,scratched or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place. Defacement - refers to marking or removing the part of an object designed to hold the viewers attention. Types of Offenders That Emerge in Adolescence
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