Criminal Jurisprudence and Procedure

The Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines is created for the purpose of regulating the practice of Criminology.It has the power to issue, suspend, or revoke certificate of registration for the practice of criminology and to administer oath.All applicants for registration as criminologists shall be required to undergo and examination.
The examination shall be in writing and shall cover the following subjects with their respective relative weights.

Subjects                                             Relative Weight
Criminal Jurisprudence and Procedure        20%
Law Enforcement Administration               20%      
Correctional Administration                      15%  
Criminalistics                                         20%
Criminal Sociology                                  15%
Ethics and Human Relations                     10%  

Criminal Jurisprudence and Procedure is further subdivided into:
1. Criminal Law 1 - Study of the Revised Penal Code book 1, 
    special criminal statutes, Presidential Decrees, and
    Letters of Instructions.
2. Criminal Law 2 - Study of the Revised Penal Code book 2
3. Criminal Procedure - Study of the Rules of Court and Criminal
    Procedure covering the law on arrest, search and
    seizure, Preliminary Investigation and the granting of bail to an
    accused person; Rights of the accused person
    during the trial and the manner of prosecution of criminal
    offenses; Procedures in arraignment and trial and
    discharge of one of several defendants as state witness; Rules
    governing arrest without warrant and the use of
    firearms in case of resistance to an arrest; Study of court
    decisions  regarding arrest and search and seizure.
4. Criminal Evidence - Study of the fundamental principle of
    criminal evidence as embodied in the rules of court.

Civil Law
1. Filed by a private party.

•  a corporation
• an individual person

2. Penalty: a guilty defendant pays the plaintiff for
    losses caused by their actions.

•  no incarceration

Crimes are divided into 2 classes
1. Misdemeanors - less than one year of incarceration
2. Felonies - sentence of one year or more.

During the times of the Romans, a criminal charge meant presenting the case before the public.Both the person accused of the crime and the accuser would give speeches based on their side of the story.The individual with the best argumentation would determine the outcome of the case.

Criminal Law
1. Filed by the government
2. Penalty: a guilty defendant is punished by

•  incarceration in jail or prison
• fine paid to the government
• execution (death penalty)

Related Readings: Criminal Jurisprudence and Procedure
1. Criminal Procedure Reviewer 1
2. Criminal Jurisprudence Reviewer 1
3. Criminal Jurisprudence Definition of Terms